Never allow refrigerant to leak out into the atmosphere.Do not introduce an open flame or hot metal in the immediate vicinity of refrigerant.Do not smoke! Refrigerant can be broken down into poisonous substances if it contacts cigarette ash.As gaseous refrigerant is heavier than air, it can collect in high concentrations there. Do not work on the refrigerant circuit from an inspection pit. Breathing in high concentrations of gaseous refrigerant can cause dizziness and even suffocation. The workplace must be well ventilated for working on refrigerant circuits.Seek the medical attention of a doctor immediately! If direct physical contact has been made, thoroughly rinse the affected areas with a generous supply of cold water.Always wear protective goggles and gloves! Under normal atmospheric pressure and ambient temperatures, liquid refrigerant evaporates so quickly that any physical contact with the skin or eyes can cause the tissue to freeze (risk of blindness).When refilling refrigerant and performing any work on the refrigerant circuit, please observe the following: Separate measures with respect to storing and handling the new refrigerants must certainly also be observed. As such, it appears that purchasing new service units is something that cannot be avoided. This, of course, also impacts workshops and their service personnel. Only in time will it become apparent if all vehicle manufacturers agree on a single refrigerant, or whether different refrigerants will be used. Other refrigerants can also be used, however, provided their GWP value is below 150. R1234yf with a GWP of 4 shall be used as new refrigerant. R134a can, however, continue to be used to carry out service and maintenance work on existing R134a systems. As of January 1, 2017, vehicles filled with R134a are no longer entitled to receive initial registration approval. With the current EC Directive 2006/40/EC it was decided to only use refrigerants with a GWP of less than 150 in the future.Īir-conditioning systems in vehicles of class M1 (passenger cars, vehicles with up to 8 passenger seats) and class N1 (commercial vehicles with a permissible total weight of up to 3.5 metric tons) for which a type approval was issued within the EU as of January 1, 2011, can therefore no longer be filled with R134a. R134a has a high GWP (global warming potential) of 1430. In the course of this replacement it is also recommended to flush the air-conditioning system. In addition, the mineral oil of the R12 system is to be replaced with PAG or PAO oil. All components should be checked for function and damage. In the course of conversion, the system must be checked for leak tightness. R134a was and is used as replacement refrigerant besides several "drop-in" refrigerants (refrigerant mixtures).Įven today, the conversion from R12 to R134a is still an ongoing topic in the area of classic and modern classic cars as well as in several non-EU countries. Ever since then, R12 systems had to be converted during maintenance or repair work. 2001 marked the official final end of R12 in vehicle air-conditioning systems. There are still numerous vehicles on the market with air-conditioning systems originally designed for refrigerant R12. Home / Passenger car parts / Brake system.Home / Passenger car parts / Vehicle electrics.Home / Passenger car parts / Vehicle electronics.Home / Passenger car parts / Vehicle lighting. ![]() ![]() Exhaust gas aftertreatment design diagnostics.Repairing brakes: important information.Changing the brake discs, brake pads and brake calipers.Checking the exhaust gas temperature sensor.Home / Technical / Sensors and actuators.Media pump - design, function and troubleshooting.Electronic boost pressure control- turbocharger actuator testing.Ultrasound-based parking aid - park distance control (PDC). ![]() ABS/ESP control units for braking and driving dynamics.Programming car keys and changing batteries.Home / Technical / Car electronics and electrics.Thermal management in electric and hybrid vehicles.Car refrigerant & oil filling quantities. ![]()
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